How many PAM chemicals types for wastewater treatment?

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is classified into four types based on its ionic properties:

Anionic: Suitable for neutral/alkaline environments, with significant effects on inorganic sludge (such as sand washing wastewater).

Cationic: Used for dewatering organic sludge (such as municipal sewage), neutralizing negatively charged particles with positive charges.

Nonionic: Low molecular weight, Suitable for neutral or acidic wastewater, using hydrogen bonding for adsorption and flocculation.

Amphoteric: Contains both positive and negative charged groups, suitable for complex water qualities (such as industrial wastewater).

For so many years selling, the APAM, CPAM and NPAM are widely used, welcome to contact Rita for more details. wa.me/8617737518864

Why Polyacrylamide is highly recommended in wastewater treatment?

We’re a polyacrylamide factory in central China, for 26 years, we focus on producing the anionic and cationic polyacrylamide and non-ionic types, mainly used for wastewater treatment and sludge dewatering. Premium performance at competitive price.

Polyacrylamide is highly recommended in wastewater treatment due to its unique properties and effectiveness in various applications. Here’s why it stands out:

1. ‌Superior Flocculation Performance

Polyacrylamide is widely used as a flocculant in wastewater treatment. It works by causing smaller particles to coalesce into larger flocs, which can then be easily separated from water through sedimentation or filtration‌5. This process is crucial for removing suspended solids, organic matter, and even some heavy metals from wastewater.

2. ‌Biocompatibility and Safety

Unlike some chemical flocculants, polyacrylamide is non-toxic and non-biodegradable, making it safe for use in water treatment systems‌1. Its inert nature ensures minimal environmental impact, and it does not produce harmful byproducts during the treatment process.

3. ‌Versatility and Efficiency

Polyacrylamide is effective across a wide range of wastewater types, including industrial effluents and municipal sewage. It can be tailored to specific needs by adjusting its molecular weight and charge, enhancing its ability to target different pollutants‌5. This adaptability makes it a preferred choice for both large-scale and specialized treatment applications.

4. ‌Longevity and Cost-Effectiveness

Polyacrylamide-based treatments are known for their durability, often requiring less frequent reapplication compared to other flocculants‌1. This reduces operational costs and maintenance efforts, making it a cost-effective solution for long-term wastewater management.

5. ‌Environmental and Regulatory Compliance

With increasing regulatory scrutiny on water quality, polyacrylamide’s safety profile and efficiency help facilities meet stringent environmental standards‌3. Its use aligns with sustainable practices by enabling the recovery and reuse of treated water.

In summary, polyacrylamide’s combination of effectiveness, safety, and adaptability makes it a highly recommended choice for modern wastewater treatment systems.

Let’s talk more about it: wa.me/8617737518864

PAC+PAM chemical———-PAC quality and price

Dear friends, this is Rita from a 26-year experienced Polymer factory in China, selling PAM +PAC chemicals for wastewater treatment.

Today I’d like to share some about PAC.

PAC products are widely used coagulant, but color, valid content may be varied at different price.

For the same industrial Grade, if the weight varies, then:

  • light cargo, valid content a bit lower, can only load 20-21 tons;
  • heavy cargo, valid content higher, can load 25-26 tons;
  • valid content differ will lead to more dosage of chemical; If you can accept this cost, then it’s ok to buy lower price products.
  • But for international business, the freight is expensive esp. for PAC chemical. In my view, it’s better to use high content chemical with more container loadability. Freight per ton V.S. chemical price margin per ton

Hope you can contact Rita on Whatsapp: wa.me/8617737518864 for more details.

For the PAC products, is it always better to have low basicity?

Today let’s talk about something about the basicity of Polyaluminum Chloride(PAC) products. We all know, for the PAC products, basicity is also an important element in determining the final price. Then is it always better to use the low basicity PAC?

Well, basicity should be determined based on the specific application scenario; there’s no absolute “high” or “low” for best. The following are key criteria for determining effectiveness:

Application Scenario Determines Advantages and Disadvantages
Wastewater Treatment:
Highly turbid wastewater (such as printing and dyeing, and chemical wastewater) is more suitable for products with higher basicity, as they offer a more effective flocculation effect.

Using high-basicity products for low-turbidity water (such as drinking water) may cause turbidity, so a low-basicity product should be selected.

Production Cost:
Higher basicity reduces raw material consumption and reduces production costs. However, drinking water-grade products have higher environmental requirements, which can increase raw material costs.

Industry Standard Reference: The basicity of industrial-grade polyaluminum chloride is typically around 85-90%, while that of drinking water-grade products is around 45-60%.

Selection Principles
Water quality determines salinity: For high turbidity water, choose a high-basicity PAC; for low turbidity or drinking water, choose a low-basicity PAC.

Economic Considerations: High-basicity PAC offers lower costs, but a balance must be struck between effectiveness and stability.

Experimental Verification: Before practical application, the optimal salinity should be determined through pilot tests to avoid theoretical deviations.

Effuent water treatment—PAC & PAM Applied

Influent and effluent treatment uses a variety of chemicals, including coagulants and flocculants like ferric chloride and aluminum sulfate to clump particles, disinfectants such as chlorine and ozone to kill microbes, and pH adjusters like lime and sulfuric acid to control acidity or alkalinity. Other chemicals like polymers and hydrogen peroxide are also used to aid in separation and break down contaminants. 

Coagulants and flocculants

  • Coagulants: These chemicals, like aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and polyaluminum chloride, neutralize the negative charge of suspended particles, causing them to clump together. 
  • Flocculants: Often polymers (like polyacrylamide), these are added to the water to bind the smaller clumps into larger, heavier particles called “flocs,” which can then be more easily removed by settling or filtration. 

We’ve been producing the cationic polyacrylamide for sludge dewatering, anionic polyacrylamide for waste water treatment for 26 years. Well ready for your call~

Rita

Gongyi Xinqi Polymer Co., Ltd.
www.xinqipolymer.com
Whatsapp: +86-17737518864 wa.me/8617737518864
Email: rita@xinqipolymer.com

Can PAM be used in seawater desalination?

Application Scenarios
PAM is primarily used as a flocculant in the pretreatment stage of desalination, removing suspended solids, colloids, and organic contaminants from raw water to improve water quality and reduce the burden on subsequent treatment processes (such as reverse osmosis membranes).

Product Types
Based on their ionic properties, PAMs are categorized into three types: anionic, cationic, and nonionic. Nonionic PAM (NPAM) has proven effective in desalination due to its wide applicability and pH sensitivity. For example, a desalination plant in Zhoushan successfully extended its membrane fouling cycle by three times by using nonionic PAM.

Precautions
Dosage Control: Excessive use may make floc separation difficult or affect subsequent process performance. Experimental optimization of the dosage is necessary.

PH Adjustment: The pH value must be adjusted based on the PAM type. For example, aluminum salt flocculants work best at low pH.

Compatibility: Interactions with other water treatment chemicals (such as scale inhibitors) must be considered. ‌

Can wastewater be discharged directly after PAC+PAM treatment?

Last time, we talked about the PAM is normally applied in wastewater treatment in the tertiary step. But somebody would say it’s dangerous to use PAM, many chemicals or poison elements will be left in the wastewater and it’s no good.————————-My dear friends, it’s just the pre-treatment, later you may need to use membrane facilities to clean the water for daily use.

Introduction to Polyacrylamide
Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a linear polymer with the chemical formula (C3H5NO)n and a molecular weight typically between 1×107. It is a hard, glassy solid at room temperature, and its products include gels, latexes, white powders, translucent beads, and flakes. Polyacrylamide has excellent thermal stability and water solubility, dissolving in water in any proportion to form a uniform, transparent liquid. Furthermore, polyacrylamide exhibits excellent flocculation properties, reducing frictional resistance between liquids. It is widely used in industries such as oil extraction, water treatment, textiles, papermaking, mineral processing, pharmaceuticals, and agriculture, earning it the reputation of a “multi-industry additive.”

Polyacrylamide Wastewater Treatment Process
Based on the characteristics of polyacrylamide wastewater, the treatment process typically includes the following steps:

1, Pretreatment:

Screens, regulating tanks, and other facilities are used to remove large particles and suspended solids from the wastewater to regulate water quality and quantity.

2, Coagulation and Sedimentation:

Adding a coagulant (such as polyacrylamide itself or another coagulant) causes fine particles and organic matter in the wastewater to rapidly aggregate into larger particles, forming flocculent sediments. This step effectively reduces the concentration of suspended solids and the organic matter content in the wastewater.

3, Biological Treatment:

Aerobic or anaerobic biological treatment techniques are used to utilize the metabolic activity of microorganisms to degrade organic matter in the wastewater. For polyacrylamide wastewater, more efficient biological treatment processes such as biofilm reactors and sequencing batch sludge (SBR) may be required.

4, Advanced Treatment:

Depending on the effluent quality requirements, advanced treatment technologies such as activated carbon adsorption, membrane filtration (such as ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis), and ozone oxidation can be selected to further remove pollutants such as organic matter, color, and heavy metals from the wastewater.

5, Disinfection and Discharge:

Finally, chlorination, ultraviolet disinfection, and other methods are used to kill microorganisms in the wastewater, ensuring that the effluent meets discharge standards before discharge.


Polyacrylamide Wastewater Treatment Case Study
A chemical plant generates a large amount of wastewater during the production of polyacrylamide. This wastewater contains high concentrations of organic matter and suspended solids and is difficult to degrade. To treat this wastewater, the plant adopted the following treatment process:

1. Pretreatment Stage:

The wastewater first passes through a screen to remove large impurities and then enters a regulating tank for homogenization and flow balance.

2. Coagulation and Sedimentation Stage:

In the coagulation and sedimentation tank, an appropriate amount of polyacrylamide is added as a coagulant to rapidly aggregate fine particles and organic matter in the wastewater into larger particles, forming flocculent sediments. Solid-liquid separation is achieved in the sedimentation tank, effectively reducing the concentration of suspended solids and the organic content in the wastewater.

3. Biological Treatment Stage:

After coagulation and sedimentation, the wastewater enters a bioreactor for aerobic biological treatment. In the bioreactor, microorganisms use oxygen as an electron acceptor to degrade organic matter in the wastewater into harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water.

4. Advanced Treatment Stage:

To further remove pollutants such as organic matter and color from the wastewater, the chemical plant uses activated carbon adsorption and membrane filtration technologies. Activated carbon adsorption removes organic pollutants and color from the wastewater; membrane filtration further removes suspended solids, bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms.

5. Disinfection and Discharge Stage:

Finally, the disinfected wastewater meets discharge standards and can be directly discharged or reused in other production processes.

After the above treatment processes, the chemical plant’s polyacrylamide wastewater has been effectively treated, and the effluent quality meets relevant national discharge standards. Furthermore, this treatment process achieves resource utilization of wastewater, saving water resources and treatment costs for the enterprise.


In summary, polyacrylamide, as an important polymer, is widely used in various industries. However, the wastewater generated during its production process causes certain environmental pollution. Through scientific wastewater treatment processes and technical means, pollutants in polyacrylamide wastewater can be effectively removed, protecting the ecological environment and achieving sustainable development for the enterprise.

Polyacrylamide flocculant price

The market prices of PAM and PAC vary depending on product type and supplier.

PAM (polyacrylamide) Price

Anionic PAM Price: Commonly used in water treatment, the market price is approximately 9,000 to 12,000 yuan/ton.

Cationic PAM Price: Commonly used in sludge treatment, the market price is 18,000 to 24,000 yuan/ton.

PAC (polyaluminum chloride) Price

Sorry we can’t provide specific price range of PAC chemicals, please kindly note that PAC also comes in different grades and product types, and its price also varies depending on the specific product and supplier, but it is generally affected by product grade and usage. (Like the color, valid content, etc)

Factors Affecting Price

Product Type and Grade: Both PAM and PAC are categorized into different types (e.g., anionic/cationic) and grades, which directly impact their prices.

Supplier and Purchase Quantity: Different suppliers may have different pricing strategies. Larger quantities (e.g., greater than 100,000 kg) often offer lower prices.
Product Quality and Application: PAM products used in specific applications, such as oil drilling, may also have different pricing.